配套习题- 碱金属元素的结构分析 -【青果学院】

1/5单选题

难度：

1.下列关于碱金属元素的说法正确的是①原子结构的相同点是最外层电子数相同，都为1
②原子结构的不同点是随核电荷数的增加，电子层数增多，原子半径增大
③它们具有相似的化学性质，都是活泼金属
④它们都具有强还原性，在化合物中显+1价
⑤它们的化学性质有差别，从Li到Cs，失电子能力逐渐增强。

A	①③④
B	①③⑤
C	②④⑤
D	全部

正确答案：RA==

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

2/5多选题

难度：

2.具有下列结构的原子一定属于碱金属的是

A	最外层上只有一个电子
B	最外层电子数为次外层电子数的一半
C	M层电子数为K层电子数的1/2
D	K层与L层电子数之和比M层与N层电子数之和大1

正确答案：QyxE

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

3/5单选题

难度：

3.下列关于碱金属的电子结构和性质的叙述中不正确的是

A	碱金属原子最外层都只有一个电子，在化学反应中容易失去
B	都是强还原剂
C	都能在O₂中燃烧生成过氧化物
D	都能与水反应生成碱

正确答案：Qw==

Q+mUmeivr++8jOmUguWcqOawp+awlOS4reeHg+eDp+S6p+eJqeaYr+awp+WMlumUgu+8iExpPHN1Yj4yPC9zdWI+T++8ie+8jOiAjOS4jeaYr0xpPHN1Yj4yPC9zdWI+TzxzdWI+Mjwvc3ViPuOAguagueaNrueisemHkeWxnuWFg+e0oOaAp+i0qOeahOmAkuWPmOaAp+mHkeWxnumUgueahOawp+WMlueJqeacgOeugOWNleOAgg==

4/5单选题

难度：

4.下列关于碱金属元素的原子结构和性质的叙述不正确的是

A	碱金属原子最外层都只有1个电子，在化学反应中容易失去
B	碱金属单质都是强还原剂
C	碱金属单质都能在氧气中燃烧生成过氧化物
D	碱金属单质都能与水反应生成强碱

正确答案：Qw==

56Kx6YeR5bGe6Ieq5LiK6ICM5LiL77yM6YeR5bGe5oCn6YCQ5riQ5aKe5by677yM5L2G5Zyo5rCn5rCU5Lit54eD54On55qE55Sf5oiQ54mp5piv5LiN5ZCM55qE77yM5L6L5aaCTGnnlJ/miJBMaTxzdWI+Mjwvc3ViPk/vvIzpkqDnlJ/miJBOYTxzdWI+Mjwvc3ViPk88c3ViPjI8L3N1Yj7vvIzpgInpoblD5LiN5q2j56Gu77yM5YW25L2Z6YCJ6aG56YO95piv5q2j56Gu55qE77yM562U5qGI6YCJQ+OAgg==

5/5单选题

难度：

5.下列是关于铷的结构和性质的判断，其中不正确的是

A	铷与水反应比钠剧烈
B	铷的原子半径比钠小
C	铷的氧化物暴露在空气中易吸收CO₂
D	铷可作还原剂

正确答案：Qg==

56Kx6YeR5bGe5LiA5peP5LuO5LiK5Yiw5LiL6YeR5bGe5oCn5aKe5by677yM5Zug5q2k6ZO35LiO5rC05Y+N5bqU5q+U6ZKg5Ymn54OI77yM5bm25LiU6ZO35Y2V6LSo5Y+v5Lul5L2c6L+Y5Y6f5YmC77ybPGJyPumSoOeahOawp+WMlueJqeWcqOepuuawlOS4reaYk+WQuOaUtuS6jOawp+WMlueis++8jOmTt+eahOaAp+i0qOabtOS4uua0u+azvO+8jOWboOatpOmTt+eahOawp+WMlueJqeaatOmcsuWcqOepuuawlOS4reS5n+WuueaYk+WQuOaUtuS6jOawp+WMlueis++8mzxicj7nlLXlrZDlsYLotorlpJrvvIzljp/lrZDnmoTljYrlvoTotorlpKfjgILlm6DmraTpk7fnmoTnmoTljYrlvoTopoHlpKfkuo7pkqDjgIJC6aG56ZSZ6K+v44CC