配套习题- 热化学方程式的概念和意义 -【青果学院】

1/5单选题

难度：

1.

在相同条件下，下列三个热化学方程式中△H比较正确的是（1）CH₄（g）+2O₂（g）=CO₂（g）+2H₂O（g）；△H₁
（2）CH₄（g）+2O₂（g）=CO₂（g）+2H₂O（l）；△H₂
（3）CH₄（g）+O₂（g）=CO₂（g）+H₂O（g）；△H₃．

A	△H₁＜△H₂＜△H₃
B	△H₁＞△H₂，△H₃=△H₁
C	△H₁=△H₂=△H₃
D	无法比较

正确答案：Qg==

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

2/5单选题

难度：

2.已知热化学方程式：2SO₂(g)+O₂(g)

2SO₃(g) △H=Q kJ·mol^-1．下列说法正确的是

A	相同条件下，2molSO₂（g）和1molO₂（g）所具有的能量小于2molSO₃（g）所具有的能量
B	将2molSO₂（g）和1molO₂（g）置于一密闭容器中充分反应后，放出热量为QkJ
C	增大压强或升高温度，该平衡都向逆反应方向移动
D	如将一定量SO₂（g）和O₂（g）置于某密闭容器中充分反应后放热QkJ，则此过程中有2molSO₂（g）被氧化

正确答案：RA==

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

3/5单选题

难度：

3.下列有关热化学方程式的表示及说法正确的是

A	已知c（石墨，s）=c（金刚石，s）△H＞0，则金刚石比石墨稳定
B	已知H₂（g）+F₂（g）═2HF（g）△H=-270kJ/mol，则2L氟化氢气体分解成1L氢气和1L氟气吸收270kJ热量
C	HCl和NaOH反应的中和热为-57.3kJ/mol，则H₂SO₄和Ba（oH）₂反应的中和热△H=2×（-57.3）kJ/mol
D	已知I₂（g）+H₂（g）═2HI（g）△H₁；I₂（s）+H₂（g）═2HI（g）△H₂；则△H₁＜△H₂

正确答案：RA==

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

4/5单选题

难度：

4.根据热化学方程式(在101kPa时)：S(s)+O₂(g)=SO₂(g)△H=-297.23kJ/mol分析下列说法中正确的是

A	1molS燃烧放出的热量为297.23kJ
B	S（g）+O₂（g）=SO₂（g）放出的热量大于297.23kJ
C	S（s）+O₂（g）=SO₂（s）放出的热量小于297.23kJ
D	形成1molSO₂的化学键释放的能量小于断裂1molS（s）和1molO₂（g）的化学键所吸收的能量

正确答案：Qg==

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

5/5单选题

难度：

5.在25℃和101kPa时，有下列反应的热化学方程式H₂（g）+

O₂（g）═H₂O（g）△H=-241.8kJ/mol；
H₂（g）+

O₂（g）═H₂O（1）△H=-285.8kJ/mol．
以下说法中错误的是

A	1molH₂燃烧生成1molH₂O（g）时，放出241.8kJ的热量
B	H₂的燃烧热为285.8kJ
C	O₂前面的表示参加反应的O₂的物质的量
D	1mol液态水变成水蒸气时吸收44kJ的热量

正确答案：Qg==

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