配套习题- 破译实验流程图化解两类溶液计算综合题（4） -【青果学院】

1/5单选题

难度：

1.

阳光牌小包装“脱氧剂”成分为Fe粉、活性炭及少量NaCl、水。使用一段时间后，其中的Fe粉会转变成Fe₂O₃而变质。某化学兴趣小组欲探究使用过的阳光牌“脱氧剂”的变质程度(已变质的Fe粉占变质前Fe粉的质量分数)，设计并进行如下探究过程。步骤(1)：取食品包装袋中的阳光牌“脱氧剂”一袋，将里面的固体溶于水，过滤、洗涤、干燥滤渣。步骤(2)：取步骤(1)中的滤渣8.0 g，加入足量的稀H₂SO₄与滤渣充分反应，过滤、洗涤、干燥得固体1.2 g。步骤(3)：取步骤(2)中的滤液，加入足量的NaOH溶液，得到的固体经洗涤后转移到坩埚中，充分加热、冷却、称量，得到8.0g Fe₂O₃(注：滤液中的Fe元素已全部转化为Fe₂O₃)。该“脱氧剂”的变质程度为

A	60%
B	70%
C	40%
D	50%

正确答案：RA==

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

2/5单选题

难度：

2.

山东省海化集团凭借雄厚的科研力量、先进的生产设备和丰富的海洋资源生产出许多名牌化工产品。化工产品纯碱中常含有NaCl，某研究性小组为了测定纯碱中Na₂CO₃的质量分数，称取含NaCl的Na₂CO₃固体11.4g，将其配成溶液，再向其中逐滴加入适量的7.3%的稀盐酸，恰好完全反应，使气体全部放出，共收集到4.4gCO₂气体。（1）计算纯碱中Na₂CO₃的质量分数；（2）求反应后溶液中溶质的质量分数

A	94.0%；11.7%
B	93.0%；13.7%
C	94.0%；13.7%
D	93.0%；11.7%

正确答案：RA==

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

3/5单选题

难度：

3.

某化学兴趣小组的同学对一批铁样品(含有杂质，杂质不溶于水,也不与稀硫酸反应)进行分析，甲、乙、丙三位同学分别进行实验，其中只有一位同学所用的稀硫酸与铁样品恰好完全反应。实验数据如下表：恰好完全反应后所得溶液中溶质的质量分数为

A	86%
B	8.6%
C	17%
D	1.7%

正确答案：Qw==

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

4/5单选题

难度：

4.

现有一瓶标签已破损的过氧化氢溶液，为测定瓶内溶液中溶质的质量分数，取该溶液34g于烧杯中，加入一定量的二氧化锰，完全反应后，称得烧杯内剩余物质的总质量是34.4g，将杯内剩余物质过滤、洗涤、干燥后得滤渣2g。计算:瓶内过氧化氢溶液中溶质的质量分数。

A	9%
B	10%
C	11%
D	12%

正确答案：Qg==

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

5/5单选题

难度：

5.

为测定一瓶放置已久的烧碱中NaOH含量，某同学取适量的烧碱样品，溶于一定量的水，得到200g溶液，再加入200g稀硫酸(足量)充分搅拌到不再放出气泡为止，称量溶液为395.6g。请计算或回答：若所取样品为50.0g，则样品中NaOH的质量分数是

A	78.8%
B	79.8%
C	77.8%
D	76.8%

正确答案：QQ==

PHA+5LqM5rCn5YyW56Kz55qE6LSo6YeP5Li677yaMjAwZysyMDBnLTM5NS42Zz00LjRnPC9wPjxwPjxpbWcgc3JjPSJodHRwczovL3AyLnFpbmdndW8uY29tL0cxL00wMC8zMy9GRS9yQkFDRTFNUzhUaVIxc2ljQUFBZ2VWaVBDcjgwMTcucG5nIiBkYXRhLWNrZS1zYXZlZC1zcmM9Imh0dHBzOi8vcDIucWluZ2d1by5jb20vRzEvTTAwLzMzL0ZFL3JCQUNFMU1TOFRpUjFzaWNBQUFnZVZpUENyODAxNy5wbmciIGhlaWdodD0iMTQ2IiB3aWR0aD0iMzg2Ij48YnI+562U77ya54On56Kx5qC35ZOB5LitTmFPSOeahOi0qOmHj+WIhuaVsOS4ujc4LjglPC9wPg==